Travel Tips

MAKE THE MOST OF YOUR MONEY

16. Know the currency of your chosen destination, including lesser denominations. The list below shows the monetary units of various foreign countries. To estimate how much money you'll need, check the exchange rates listed in the financial section of your local newspaper. Then, just before you leave you can ask your bank for the latest rates. You can find the present exchange rate by going to www.oanda.com.

SOME INTERNATIONAL MONETARY UNITS

Country …… Currency Country……Currency Australia.............Dollar Hong Kong..........Dollar Austria................Euro Israel...................Shekal Brazil...................Real Italy......................Euro Canada..............Dollar Mexico................New Peso China.................Yuan Japan..................Yen Egypt..................Pound New Zealand.....Dollar Finland...............Euro Portugal.............Euro France...............Euro Spain..................Euro Germany...........Euro Switzerland........Franc Greece.............Euro Turkey.................Lira United Kingdom...

In early 2002, 12 of the 15 European Union countries converted to euro banknotes and coins. Over the next 17 months, the dollar dropped from a high of 1.13 euros to a low of 0.84 euros in May 2003.
    That was just a eurocent below what the dollar was buying when the Single Currency was actually inaugurated in 1999 for banking, credit card and other electronic transactions.* (Click for today's exchange rates.)
   The euro zone comprises Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Portugal, Poland, Spain, Slovakia, Slovenia, Sweden, and the United Kingdom, whose old national currencies (marks, lire, guilder, etc.) are no longer legal tender.
     All those nations outside the EU, including Switzerland, Norway and Iceland; and the Eastern European countries, continue to maintain their own currencies.

17. Exchange the bulk of your funds overseas. The exchange rate is invariably better overseas than at home. If you need cash immediately upon arrival in your host country (say, for a taxi to the hotel), most international airports have exchange counters open at all hours. If you are arriving at a local airport, or want to be sure you have cash on hand, change a small amount of money (say, $50) before you leave.

Once abroad, banks usually offer the best exchange rate, much better than hotels, or exchange shops (identified by signs that say "Cambio, Wechsel, Change"). To get the most for your money, you need to compare service fees and surcharges in addition to the straight rate. And be aware that the rates for converting from cash differ from those for traveler's checks. It's best to change money as needed, because many nations will not re-exchange leftover currency upon your departure. Finally, never change money on the black market.

18. Credit cards. Leave all of your U.S. store credit cards at home, but do take a few major credit cards with you (Visa and MasterCard). It pays to make major purchases via credit card-you get a good exchange rate, the protection of the card's charge-back provisions, and often an extra guarantee on your purchase. You can also use your card to get cash from ATM machines, but you must know your pin number.

19. Conversion Charts. If you don't have a currency converter or calculator, make your own conversion chart and carry it in your purse or wallet for handy reference while shopping, dining, etc.

(NOTE: Any figures mentioned above (if printed) are for illustrative purposes only and are based on international currency values at time of publication.)

20. ATM cards. If your ATM card is part of the Cirrus or Plus network here at home, it may also work overseas, where foreign ATMs also belong to that network. You use the machines the same as at home, by punching in your personal identification number (PIN), and the amount of cash you want (in local currency). You'll benefit from the wholesale exchange rate banks use for large-scale transactions (sometimes up to 7% more favorable than at the bank counter!).

A few caveats: Find out if the Cirrus or Plus network is available in the land you're visiting. You can determine this by asking your bank for the worldwide directories. Make sure your PIN number will be accepted abroad. Your bank can confirm this, or change your number if necessary. Also ask your U.S. bank if any charges will be applied for using a foreign ATM. Finally, the strip on the back of ATM cards can become demagnetized, and therefore ineffectual, when passing through airport security checks and x-rays. Ask the security guard to hand-carry your card through the gate.

A NOTE FROM VISITEUROPE.COM in regards to ATMs:
ATMs accepting U.S. bank debit and credit cards are available in many cities in most countries, usually with English-language instructions. For MasterCard, look for machines with the Cirrus logo; they are widespread. Withdrawals from a checking or savings account, or cash advances against a credit card are dispensed in local currency.

You can save in two ways: the wholesale exchange rate (up to 5 percent better) applies; and you avoid transaction fees charged by exchange bureaus and banks. (Your home bank's ATM fee does apply, as will credit-card cash-advance fees. A local ATM usage fee may also apply.) A four-digit numeric PIN is standard for most European ATMs. Check with your issuing bank to make sure your PIN will work in Europe.

21. Cash advances. Since some countries are now imposing surcharges for cashing traveler's checks, travelers are finding that it often pays to take cash advances against their credit card accounts. Alternately, you may wish to carry larger denomination traveler's checks (to limit the number of transactions).

22. Traveler's checks. Buy them in U.S. dollar denominations from a company that doesn't charge a commission. Don't exchange a traveler's check for more cash than you'll need for a short time. That way, you'll lose less in case of theft and won't get stuck with extra currency when you enter another country.

23. Personal checks. Personal checks are not accepted everywhere, but some stores do take them and occasionally give you a better price than for credit card purchases.

back to "Travel Tips" home page

DO YOUR HOMEWORK FOR YOUR TRIP

24. Find out if there's a tour director on your tour. If so, does he or she stay with you from start to finish? It's always best if your tour director is employed directly by your travel company. That means he or she will have your interests at heart and will try to please you. Many companies contract local overseas operators, who in turn subcontract local guides to handle their clients abroad. These guides may have several different groups to oversee, and consequently may not provide the direct, personal. attention you want. In addition, if your guide combines groups for excursions or briefings, find out if they're English-speaking groups - otherwise, you may have to sit through endless translations!

25. Study all the material contained in travel brochures. It's fun to read trip itineraries and enjoy all the photographs, but it's also important to know exactly what you're getting. If you're taking a package tour, check the cancellation and refund policy. Know exactly what happens if you change your mind. Cancellation penalties vary; some are more severe than others.

26. Find out if the tour has been "checked out." How much does the tour operator really know about your accommodations? Has someone from the company been there recently? Things can change drastically, and touted comforts may be promises, not facts. (A Wide World of Travel uses only tour operators who create and operate their own tours, so every tour is thoroughly checked before it's offered.) Most of the tours are operated by USTOA affiliates which means that they are backed by a consumer protection program.

27. Ask the right questions about your hotel. Are they close to major attractions? What class rating are they? Do rooms have individually controlled thermostats? Are there working elevators or safety ramps? (A Wide World of Travel inspectors use a checklist of more than 50 questions to evaluate hotels and ensure your comfort and enjoyment when they make site inspections of properties.)

28. Read between the lines. Know exactly what those descriptive brochures are really saying. Phrases like "You may want to cruise this glorious isle" may mean these treats are not included in your trip cost. Does the itinerary clearly state what sightseeing is included or merely available, whether the sight is "viewed" or 'visited"? If in doubt, ask your travel company to clarify, or ask to speak to a traveler who's taken the tour.

29. The brochure should spell out what is and isn't included. Refer to the Terms & Conditions - usually the fine print in the back that spells out all you need to know. Once you've decided on the trip you want and you've read the brochure, dig deeper. What about the climate? Off-season dates may be a bargain, but the weather may not be good. On the other hand, crowds will be at a minimum. Decide which you prefer most. If you're going to mountainous country, ask about the altitude. It can affect your health. Don't be afraid to ask questions.

30. Research your destination. Go to the library and take out some books on the area you plan to visit. Learn something about its history, culture, government, and people. If possible, learn at least a few common phrases of the language.

Some excellent book sources are:

Insight Guides, www.insightguides.com

Lonely Planet Travel Guides, www.lonelyplanet.com

Frommer's, www.frommers.com

Foder's, www.fodors.com

Let's Go Guides, www.letsgo.com

Rick Steve's, www.ricksteves.com

Rand McNally, www.randmcnally.com

Distant Lands, www.distantlands.com

The Globe Corner Bookstore, www.globecorner.com

back to "Travel Tips" home page

HOW TO PACK PROPERLY

IMPORTANT ! Keep in mind that most airlines have the following baggage requirements. However, these are constantly changing. Now most airlines are changing to 50 pounds domestically with an additional surcharge up to 70 pounds. If you are traveling internationally you can normally have two bags that can be checked in and they have to be no more than 70 pounds each and be no larger than 62 inches, which is determined by length + height + width. You may also take on one "carry on" bag that should not weigh any more than 40 pounds and not exceed 45". Domestically, many airlines have reduced the weight limit to 50 lbs for the checked baggage. Also, in light of 9-11, changes are being made. Be sure to double-check with us or the airlines for the requirements of the airline you are traveling on. Be aware that security is much tighter since 9- 11 and there are a number of things that can no longer be carried on board For a complete list go to the website of the Transportation Security Administration at www.tsa.gov .

31. Don't pack too much! The veteran traveler's trick is to lay out everything you'll need, then take just half and return the balance to your closet. Then, walk around with your packed bags for a few minutes. Do they feel too heavy? Remember, it's often difficult finding porters, particularly inside customs areas. Though heavy designer leather bags have a certain cachet, lightweight (canvas or nylon) ones are more practical-especially if you have to carry them yourself!

On the other hand, if you're taking a cruise, you can be a little more liberal in your packing. Your cruise will require more formal dress for certain special evenings. You'll only unpack once, and the ship's porters will carry your bags to your cabin.

32. Pack and repack articles in the same order each time. During short stays, you'll then be able to reach into your bags and find what you want without unpacking completely.

33. Coordinate your wardrobe around a single color. This will automatically eliminate many items of clothing. Separates (sports coats and trousers for men; skirts, slacks, and blouses for women) are best because they can be mixed and matched.

34. Be prepared for the weather. Check your newspaper's temperature listings for the area(s) you'll visit for one week prior to departure as well as going to www.weather.com for the latest weather. To prepare for a July cold spell or a winter heat wave, use "layering"- a sweater on top of a shirt on top of a turtleneck, and so on-as layers can be added or removed according to the local temperature.

35. Use every square inch of luggage space. Stuff hosiery into the toes of your shoes. Roll up sweaters and underwear on the bottom, followed by layers of clothing that wrinkle more easily. And packing the bag very full helps keep the contents from sliding around.

36. Minimize wrinkling by packing shirts and dresses with buttons buttoned. Fold clothes as little as possible, and fold them as close to the waist and seams as you can. Plastic cleaner's bags between layers minimize wrinkling, and you should keep each layer as flat and even as possible. Unpack as soon as possible after you arrive at your hotel. Instead of bringing a heavy travel iron, try this: Hang your clothes in the bathroom when taking a shower. Often, the humidity is enough to de-wrinkle them.

37. Pack only as many toiletry articles as you’ll use. Small sample sizes are excellent. Otherwise, transfer small amounts of shampoo, perfume, etc., to smaller vials or bottles. Liquids travel best in plastic containers, but don’t fill them to the top. Seal them with tape, and pack tape to reseal them later. Place liquid and cream containers in plastic bags.

38. Be sure your baggage is clearly labeled. Remove old destination labels and paste your name, address, and tour group in a prominent place on the outside and inside of each piece of luggage. The outside tag should show only your name and tour group; print your address on the reverse (concealed) side. Enclose a copy of your itinerary in each bag. Also, put a piece of bright-colored tape or ribbon near the handle of your luggage to help pick out your bag from similar models.

39. Don't pack anything fragile, valuable, or perishable. Money, jewelry, valuables, important documents, such as your passport, prescription drugs, matches, or cigarette lighters should be carried with you. Leave all your expensive jewelry and furs at home or in safe storage.

40. Pack some old clothes. You can lighten your load as you go by taking along old clothing and then discarding it as you use it-pajamas, socks, a worn robe, etc. (It's a great way to compensate for the new souvenirs you're likely to pick up!)

41. Pack some of your traveling companion's clothes in your bag, and vice versa. Both of you will then have a change of clothing if one bag is lost. Pack toiletries and a change of clothes in your carry-on bag.

42. Make an inventory list for quick checkups.

A PACKING CHECKLIST

- Tickets, Itinerary, Passport / Photo ID, Reservations.

- Phone numbers, Phone card.

- Travelers checks, Credit Card or Debit Card (with pin number), Wallet.

- Currency of the country you're visiting. Enough for initial expenses, until you have a chance to change more money.

- Vaccination Certificate.

- Address book for home and new addresses. Diary or logbook to record your trip. Pen and Paper Pad.

- Language dictionary and phrase book.

- Business/Calling cards.

- Camera and plenty of film. (It's much cheaper at home.) Pack in carry-on bag.

- Electrical (with converter-adapter) or battery-operated appliances.

- Bottle opener, corkscrew, paring knife, etc. (or good Swiss Army knife) for room snacks and picnicking. (Pack in checked luggage, not in carry-on.)

- Face cloth and soap (not all hotels supply them).

- Extra set of luggage keys (not kept with your regular keys).

- Travel alarm clock.

- Glasses / Sunglasses (if you use them).

- Sewing kit / Safety pins.

- Clothesline and clips

- Toiletries: Comb / hairbrush, mirror, hairdryer, shower cap, deodorant, soap, toothbrush, toothpaste, mouthwash, shaving supplies, lotion, cosmetics moist towelettes in packages, nail polish remover pads, similar to towelettes, rather than bottled remover.

- Small plastic bag for dirty clothes.

- Small container of laundry soap for hand wash.

- Apparel / Accessories: Slacks, skirts, shirts, blouses, sweaters, dresses, suits, pajamas / nightgown, robe, slippers, walking shoes (a pair of comfortable walking' shoes with nonskid soles is a must), running shoes, dress shoes, socks, hose, underwear, lingerie, ties, belts, scarves, handkerchiefs, handbags.

- Warm / Sunny Weather List: Sunscreen lotion, insect repellent, sun hat, scarf, bathing suit / trunks, beach coat / jacket, shorts, thongs.

- Wet / Cold Weather List: Lightweight raincoat / rain hat, fold-up umbrella, boots, muffler, boots, gloves / mittens, parka / down jacket .

- Jewelry, cuff links, tie clasp.

- Medical supplies. First Aid Kit. Pain Relievers. Prescription Medicines

back to "Travel Tips" home page

MISCELLANEOUS BEFORE YOU DEPART

45. Always reconfirm your airline reservations before leaving. When reconfirming or making any arrangements, get the name of the person at the other end of the line. This lends weight to your claim if there is any mix-up.

46. Arrive for your flight just a little bit early. Airlines suggest that passengers on international flights arrive a minimum of 2 -hours before takeoff, however with the tightening security 3 hours would be better. Breathing time can make the difference between a "bon voyage" and a bad-tempered takeoff! Also, you are more apt to get better seating, such as bulk-head and exit rows by showing up early.

47. Leave an itinerary with your friends, relatives, neighbors,-or coworkers, so that they'll know where you can be reached in case an emergency arises. (A Wide World of Travel tour members receive extra itineraries to leave with friends and family.)

back to "Travel Tips" home page

TRAVELING BY PLANE

48. If your plane is late arriving and you miss a connecting flight, never rush to the connecting airline. Instead, get yourself rebooked and your ticket validated by the airline that caused the delay. The airline may be required to provide you with hotel accommodations at its expense, and to reschedule you on a flight the following morning, if necessary.

49. Take a sweater and a pair of slipper-socks in your tote to wear on the plane in case it gets cold, as it often does. Ask the flight attendant for a blanket and a pillow as soon as you are seated; they may be impossible to get later on.

50. If an airline loses your luggage, complete the "lost baggage" report with the airline responsible for the loss - regardless of any inconvenience. Leave your itinerary with the airline, so that when your luggage is found it can be returned to you wherever you are. Keep receipts for any items you may have had to purchase while your bags were missing, to make it easier to recover losses from the airline. Also, check your bags carefully for damaged or missing items before leaving the airport. The airline may not honor your claim once you've left the facility.

See our Health & Fitness section for additional tips for the plane.

back to "Travel Tips" home page

IF YOU DRIVE

51. Find out beforehand about the international driver's license, available from most branches of the American Automobile Association (AAA). Rental companies in some countries-among them, Ireland-will not allow people over a certain age (generally 70) to rent cars. There may also be other restrictions. Contact your nearest motor vehicle department for information. Also, certain vehicles, such as 9 passenger vehicles require a class "C" license which will be indicated on your international driver's license.

52. Familiarize yourself with international road signs. These signs use pictorial symbols instead of words, and you'll come across them in most European countries. Remember also that many European countries, Germany and Italy, for instance-have very high speed limits (some. highways have no limits). Never drive in the left-hand lane unless you are prepared to travel at high speeds-often the equivalent of 90 mph or more. If you are going to pass in Europe...do it and get back into the slower lanes.

53. Know your kilometers. One kilometer is .62 mile; 100 kilometers equals 62 miles. 1 (You will also have to adjust to the fact that in Europe gasoline is sold in liters and is more expensive.)

54. Map two routes for each auto trip. One should be the quickest route, the other the most scenic. Rand McNally and AAA are good sources of maps in this country. In Europe, Michelin road maps noting scenic roads (outlined in green) are sold at bookstores, newsstands, and gas stations.

55. Don't drive too long. Remember that 100 miles on an American superhighway and 100 miles over narrow, winding European roads and cobblestone streets are two very different trips.

back to "Travel Tips" home page

WHEN YOU ARRIVE AT YOUR HOTEL

56. Get a map of the city with your hotel location clearly marked. Also, get a map of the bus and subway lines. (The concierge or front desk can often oblige you with this.) You might also ask a hotel employee to explain the local public transportation system, and for advice on reasonable charges for taxis. The concierge is always available to give you travel advice and make local tour arrangements for you. Most of your upscale hotels have a concierge available for your convenience.

57. The front desks of better hotels often have amenities you may need-travel irons, hair dryers, voltage converters, etc.

back to "Travel Tips" home page

COMMUNICATING IN A FOREIGN COUNTRY

58. Bring a phrase book. No matter how widely English is spoken, it pays (and it's good diplomacy) to try to learn a few words in the native tongue. Besides the basic “please” and “thank you,” practical phrases to know include: “Please speak slowly”; “I don't understand”; and “I’ll see if I can find it in this book."

59. Carry the name of your hotel in writing. Have a native write out the name and address of your hotel or lodging on a piece of paper, or carry a postcard or book of matches with the hotel name and address on it. It makes life much easier to be able to hand over a legible piece of paper to a taxi driver or someone giving you directions. This is especially important in countries such as China, where the alphabet is totally different from ours.

back to "Travel Tips" home page

SHOPPING MADE EASY

60. Bring an extra bag. Pack a collapsible bag or tote in the bottom of your suitcase to carry home your souvenirs, then put all purchases in it. It will ease your way through customs.

61. Keep a log of all your purchases. Include what you paid in foreign currency and the equivalent in U.S. dollars. This will make it easier to fill out customs forms.

62. Tuck plastic or string bags into your carryall or purse when you shop. In exotic parts of the world bags are unknown, and even in many European stores, customers are expected to supply their own bags.

63. Do some preliminary shopping research before you leave. Make a list of items you want to buy, sizes you'll need, then check prices in your local stores. That way, you'll have a basis for comparison. Excellent resources are the Born to Shop guides by Susan Schneider Thomas. There are separate books for various places (London, Hong Kong, Paris, Italy, and more), and each offers tips on prices, where to find factory outlets, flea markets, etc.

64. There may be more to the price than meets the eye. Know duty charges. Rules vary with each country, so be sure to check with the consulate of the country you're visiting for the most current and accurate information.

65. If traveling abroad, before you buy that antique, hand-loomed rug or work of art, make sure you can get it out of the country. Many nations have laws against the export of such items. Be sure to get a clear copy of the vendor's name, address, and fax number should you need to contact them once you return to the states. Keep in mind that if you are having your purchase shipped home, it may take 1-9 months, depending on what type of service the vendor uses.

66. Beware of duty-free shops. Most do not offer any real bargains. A few exceptions: cameras and jewelry at Schiphol Airport in Amsterdam, Lalaounis and Zolotas gold jewelry in the Athens airport, and jewelry at the H. Stern shop in Tel Aviv; the airport shops in Bangkok, Hong Kong, and Rio are good.

CLOTHING SIZES

CODE: A=American, J=Japanese, E=English, C=Continental

MEN A J E C

Jackets 385 A6 385 48-6

Coats 39R A7 39R 50-6

Sweaters 38E SAB4 38ES 44-4

395 ABS 395 46-4

405 AB6 405 48-4

41R AB7 41R 50-4

Shirts 15 3/4 40 15 3/4 40

16 41 16 41

16 1/2 42 16 1/2 42 17 43 17 43

17 1/2 44 17 1/2 44

18 45 18 45

Shoes 8 25 6 1/2 41

8 1/2 26 7 42

9 26 1/2 7 1/2 42

9 1/2 27 8 43

10 27 1/2 8 1/2 43

10 1/2 28 9 44

11 28 1/2 9 1/2 44

11 1/2 29 10 45

12 29 1/2 10 1/2 46

WOMEN'S A J E C

Dresses 8 7 10 38

Suits 10 9 12 40

Coats 12 11 14 42

(Women's 14 13 15 44

sizes) 16 15 18 46

18 17 20 48

Sweaters 10 M 34 40

Blouses 12 M 36 42

14 L 38 44

16 L 40 46

18 LL 42 48

20 LL 44 50

Shoes 5 22 1/2 3 1/2 34 1/2

5 1/2 23 4 35

6 23 1/2 4 1/2 35 1/2

6 1/2 24 5 36

7 24 1/2 5 1/2 37

7 1/2 25 6 38

8 251/2 6 1/2 38 1/2

8 1/2 26 7 39

9 26 1/2 7 1/2 39 1/2

10 27 8 40

NOTE: This table is meant as a guide only. Sizes will vary somewhat depending on country of manufacture.

67. Many Common Market countries impose a value-added tax (VAT) on goods and services, but offer a refund to foreign purchasers (usually when the item is worth at least $50-$100). You will be given a form to have stamped at the airport customs office. Allow extra time at the airport, because lines are often very long. Occasionally, you can get the refund right there, but more often you will be required to mail that stamped form back to the store for your refund. The problem is, it will usually arrive in the form of a check made out in the foreign currency. The VAT refund can actually cost you money, as many U.S. banks will charge a fee for exchanging that check into dollars. Also, exchange rate fluctuation's between the time of purchase and actual refund may be unfavorable. One way to avoid all this is to pay for large purchases by credit card. The vendor will issue a VAT credit to your charge account, in dollars. Some countries (such as Spain) will not allow the traveler to apply for a VAT tax refund once you depart the country, so be sure to check with the customs staff for accurate information regarding your refund procedure.

back to "Travel Tips" home page

USING THE PHONE

68. Find out when discount phone rates apply. You'll not only save money; you'll also find it's easier to get through at those times.

69. Ask for instructions on how to use public phones, and whether you need special coins or tokens. Your concierge or tour director can help; otherwise ask at the post office. Phone cards can be purchased at "kiosks" in many countries and they usually offer the best rates.

70. Before calling long distance from your hotel, find out if your hotel belongs to Teleplan, an agreement established by AT&T with many overseas hotel chains and local phone companies. This limits the amount of surcharges the hotel can impose-charges that otherwise can be exorbitant (as much as 30%!). It may be much cheaper to call collect or use a phone credit card; even on these calls, your hotel will collect a modest fee for putting the call through. It can also be cheaper to have the party in the U.S. call you right back. Better still, place your call from the phone in the hotel lobby, local post office' (when abroad), or a public phone (in the U.S.) and avoid the surcharge altogether.

back to "Travel Tips" home page

TIPPING MADE EASY

71. Don't worry about whom to tip. If someone performs a service you appreciate, go ahead and tip. If someone is not deserving of a thank-you, don't tip. In most hotels, these rates are usual:

DOORMAN: $1 per bag if he carries your luggage to the desk, 500 each if he brings them to the door, $1 for hailing you a cab.

BELLHOP: $1 for showing you into your room, more if he opens drapes, checks for towels, puts your bags on a rack.

ROOM SERVICE: For ice and glasses, $1; for drinks, $2; for meals, 20%.

MAID: Generally $1-$1.50 per day.

71. Check to see if tipping is customary! In many cultures, like Singapore, China, and Tahiti, tipping is frowned upon; in Japan and New Zealand, most tips are included in the bill.

73. Check your tour brochure carefully to see whether tipping for local guide and bus drivers, etc., is included in the cost of your vacation package. It is customary to tip the tour director at the end of your tour. Depending on the person's performance, $1-3 per day per traveler is sufficient.

74. Get plenty of small bills and coins for tips as soon as you enter the country. You won’t waste money overtipping because you have no change.

A HANDY TIPPING GUIDE

Dining Taxi Barber & Small

out Hairdresser Services

AUSTRALIA

Included in 10% A$1.00 A$1.00

bill, but extra

5-10% optional

BRAZIL

10% if not

included in bill 10% 10% 10%

EGYPT

Included in None 10-20% 25-50

bill, but extra piasters

10% customary

GERMANY

included in bill, 10% DM 1-3 DM 1-2

but leave small change for

waiter/waitress

HONGKONG

Leave 15% if not 10% 10-20% HKD2

included in bill

MEXICO

15% Optional 10% 50-100

pesos

PORTUGAL

5-10% it's never 5-10% 100-500 100-200

included in bill escudos escudos

RUSSIA

10-15% if not 10-15% 10-15% 20 kopek

included in bill

SPAIN

Included in bill, 10-15% 10-15% 10-25

but extra 5-10% pesetas

customary

SWITZERLAND

Included in bill 15% 15% None

TURKEY

Included in bill, None 10-20% 500-$1.00

but extra 5-15%

customary

UNITED KINGDOM

10-15% if not 10-15% 10-15% L1.00

included in bill

79. Accept the customs of the country. Being tolerant is more than good manners it's practical. If you don't pay heed to the ways of the land you're visiting, you may end up thwarting your own plans. Remember that many tropical and Latin countries close everything in the middle of the day for a long siesta ... that many Spanish restaurants are unprepared for diners till late in the evening ... that most French restaurants serve the salad last ... and so on.

80. Be flexible. Allow time for the unexpected, as well as for planned exploring.

back to "Travel Tips" home page

COME BACK WITH GREAT PHOTOS!

81. When photographing religious sites, certain foreign peoples, or members of certain native American cultures, be sure to ask permission first. Many cultures have taboos against taking pictures, or are simply offended by the notion. At the same time, some of your subjects may expect a little reward for their posing-particularly in third world countries. Take along an instant camera if you have one. Snapping a photo and immediately handing the result to your model brings incredible smiles as reward.

82. If you own several camera bodies, three or four lenses, tripods, etc., don't load yourself down with all of your equipment, "just in case." You'll only regret being encumbered, and you may lose precious time going through lengthy customs checks, too.

83. Put a haze filter over your camera lens and leave it on. It won't interfere with your photography and it will keep your expensive lens from getting damaged while you are traveling.

Carry a spare set of batteries for your camera. More pictures are lost through battery failure than any other reason. Batteries are not always available overseas and often cost three times more than at home. Similarly, take more film than you think you need; it's much less expensive at home than abroad.

84. Beware of airport x-ray machines. If you don't have a film-shield bag, hand your film (and camera, if it's loaded) to the guard for a manual inspection. Film-shield bags can be purchased at any camera shop.

back to "Travel Tips" home page

SPECIAL FOR CRUISE TRAVELERS

85. Choose the right size ship and cruise line for you. Cruise lines vary in many ways besides price. Atmosphere is a critical distinguishing factor. Ask your travel agent or tour company about the general style of the ship: elegant? casual? oriented towards mature travelers, young singles, or families? These issues can have a big impact on your overall enjoyment of the cruise.

Ships come in four basic sizes: intimate, up to 10,000 gross registered tonnage (grt); small (between 10,000 and 20,000 grt); medium (between 20,000 and 30,000 grt); and large (90,000 and over). Obviously, the larger the ship, the more passengers it holds, which will affect your possibilities for socializing, service, convenience (waiting in lines for events, excursions, etc.), and general atmosphere. Ask about the crew-to-passenger ratio; the higher the ratio, the better your service is likely to be.

Remember that larger ships often cannot dock right in the port. In these cases, your ship will anchor at sea, and ferry you to shore by tender. These small craft make frequent round trips, so you can. get back aboard ship at various times. just ask a crew member for the schedule. The inconvenience of tendering ashore may be offset by the other advantages of a large ship. This is a matter of personal preference.

86. Choose the right type of cruise for you. If you're interested in doing in-depth sightseeing, inquire whether your cruise offers pre- or post-cruise extensions. These packages usually include a few nights at a hotel in your port of embarkation or debarkation. It's a great way to make the most of your sightseeing time, and your package often includes some touring, meals, or special event. For more in-depth land exploration, a cruise-tour fits the bill. Part of your itinerary will be spent cruising (with several port stops), and then you'll disembark for a land tour (with overnight stays in hotels). Alaska is one popular destination for this kind of cruise, which really offers the best of both worlds.

If your goal is to enjoy a relaxing getaway where you can simply pamper yourself, consider a transoceanic crossing, or a cruise to nowhere. These let you take full advantage of the "resort at sea" your ship really is.

Expedition cruises focus less on luxury (though amenities are at your disposal), and more on adventure, education, and exploring. Your destinations may be more exotic, rugged, out-of-the-way places like the Galapagos Islands, Antarctica, Patagonia, or the islands of Micronesia. Generally, your vessel will be smaller in order to navigate in narrower passages large cruise vessels cannot reach. Nature is a common focus) and your cruise line may feature naturalists on board who'll present slide shows, conduct lectures-, and guide shore expeditions. Other themes may be archaeology, marine wildlife, or astronomy.

Theme cruises are offered on vessels both large and small. Topics can range from health (with well-known physicians aboard to conduct lectures and workshops) to Big Band music (with well-known musicians and celebrities aboard to set the rhythm!), to bridge tournaments. There are even Murder Mystery cruises where you can play sleuth.

Yacht cruises offer the ultimate in luxury. Personal service, gourmet dining, elegant surroundings, and easy access to intimate ports are part of the allure. River cruises may be aboard barges, steamers, ferries, even old-time Mississippi paddleboats. Every day brings another port, and though the activities and amenities are not as luxurious as those offered on ocean liners, you'll still enjoy fine service.

87. Consider the trade-offs when choosing your cabin location. Most people prefer outside cabins because they feature portholes or windows. These are more expensive than inside cabins. But be aware that your cabin may look out onto a lifeboat or, if on a promenade deck, may have windows that passersby can look into. On the other hand, cabins towards the center of the ship are generally more stable and less affected by noise and vibrations. You may wish to consider an inside cabin if you're prone to seasickness. Diesel-powered ships may vibrate towards the stem. You may save some money by requesting a cabin towards the bow, but be prepared for occasional morning noises (such as the anchor being lowered or raised).

Bear in mind that your cabin is not a hotel room and will consequently be smaller. Generally, some older ships that were built for long transoceanic crossings tend to have larger staterooms.

88. Select the dinner seating that best fits your needs. There are generally two seatings: early is around 6 p.m., late around 8 p.m. You will sit at an assigned table of 4, 6, or 8 for the duration of your cruise. Some diners prefer the late seating because it tends to be less rushed (you won't be whisked out to make room for the next shift), and it allows a longer day on shore. On the other hand, early seatings leave you more time for evening shipboard activities. (You'll be the first in line for top seats at the shows.) And you won t feel as full at the next meal.

As soon as you get on board, go to your cabin and look for the confirmation of your dining assignment. If this card is not in your cabin, make a beeline for the office of the Chief Dining Steward or Maitre d'. Even if you've given your dining preferences to your travel agent, these are simply requests and not confirmed till you board. Though you may have indicated that you want a table for 4 perhaps your table mates are not to your liking. It's wise to ask the Maitre d' discreetly if he can change your assignment. Make these requests as early in the cruise as possible.

89. Find out about the appropriate attire for your cruise. "Formal" evenings are gala affairs requiring either tuxedos or dark suits for men gowns or cocktail dresses for women. There are usually two formal nights for every seven days at sea. "Informal" means that men should wear a sports jacket and tie, and ladies a dress or good pants suit. "Casual" indicates that open sport shirts for men and slacks for ladies are permissible. Every day, you'll receive a bulletin indicating the dress for the evening. At no time should you wear shorts or bathing suits in the main dining room. (You can sometimes wear shorts there for breakfast.)

90. Consider proper table etiquette when ordering wine. Wine and other alcoholic beverages are not usually included. If you order a bottle of wine with dinner, it's customary to offer some to your table mates. They, in turn, will do the same the next evening.

91. Run a tab for convenience. If you use the ship's barber or hairdresser, or purchase optional shore excursions, photos from the ship's photographer, or drinks from the bar, you can simply charge them to your cabin on most cruises. A bill will be presented at the end of your cruise, which you will pay at the Chief Purser's office.

92. Learn the correct nautical terms. Here are a few common ones:

Aft: near, toward, or at the rear of the vessel.

Amidships: at the middle of the ship.

Bow: the forwardmost part of the ship.

Bridge: the navigational command center of the ship.

Galley: the ship's kitchen.

Leeward: the side sheltered from the wind.

Windward: the side towards which the wind blows.

Starboard: the right side of the ship when facing forward.

Stern: the rearmost part of the ship.

Tender: a small craft used to ferry passengers from ship to shore.

Free port: a port where no customs or duties are levied.

93. Know how to call home if it becomes necessary. You can phone home when you're at sea by calling from your cabin or the ship's radio room using radiotelephone or satellite. Satellite calls are clearer, but more costly. When in port, you must use local phone facilities. And you can send a telegram or telex from the Purser's office.

94. Refer to the information provided by your cruise line for tipping policies. They vary from cruise line to cruise line. Some include tips in your fare, others don't. Some request a single gratuity at the end of your stay (to be distributed among all staff), others encourage individual tipping. In general, you can abide by these rules (rates are per person): Dining room waiter, $2.50-$3.50 per day; Busboy, $1.50-$2.50 per day; Cabin steward, $2.50-$3.50 per day. You may also wish to tip the Maitre d' if he has rendered any particular service. If a cruise escort is provided, he or she usually receives $2.50 per day.

back to "Travel Tips" home page

GOING THROUGH CUSTOMS

95. Be prepared. As soon as you leave the plane, have your passport and any receipts for items purchased abroad handy.

96. Know the regulations. Generally, each U.S. citizen may bring in $400 worth of merchandise duty-free ($800 if you're coming in from Guam, the U.S. Virgin Islands, or American Samoa); the next $1,000 is taxed at only 10%. There are extra allowances for items from certain "favored nations" (underdeveloped countries) and U.S. possessions. If you've been out of the country within the past 30 days and already claimed your $400 exemption, or have been gone for less than 48 hours, you are allowed to claim only $25 worth of duty-free goods. NOTE! These amounts have just recently changed. For more information go to www.customs.gov and click on TRAVEL. We will update our information soon.

The $400 per person duty-free allowance applies only to items you carry home with you. All items mailed home are subject to duty. A package, however, mailed home and marked "unsolicited gift" with a value (also indicated) of $50 or less will not be subject to duty. Appropriate mailing forms are available at foreign post offices.

97. When you bring valuable imported goods with you on a trip, bring a receipt or other proof of ownership. Otherwise, customs agents may try to impose a duty. (Register cameras or appliances that have serial numbers with customs before you leave. If your jewelry is insured or appraised, a copy of relevant documents may be helpful. Even your foreign designer originals may be suspect; if receipts are missing, ask your dry cleaner for a descriptive letter.)

98. Don't bring home fruits, meats, vegetables, or any goods made in Cuba, even if purchased in another country.

99. Many items made from endangered wildlife are not permitted in the U.S.: Again, go to www.customs.gov for the complete list.

All products made from sea turtles

All ivory, both Asian and African

Furs from spotted cats

Furs from marine mammals

Feathers and feather products from wild birds

All live or stuffed birds from Australia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Guatemala, Mexico, Paraguay, Venezuela, and some Caribbean countries

Most crocodile and caiman leather

Most coral

100. Cash in your unused traveler's checks as soon as you can. Although the issuing companies say you may hold on to them indefinitely, why shouldn't you be earning interest on your money? Also, if you have a lot of leftover foreign currency, change it back. If you have only some small bills or coins (usually coins cannot be exchanged), you might keep them as souvenirs-or give them to a friend who's going to the same country.

There is no limit to the amount of foreign currency you can bring into the United States. However, any amount over $10,000 must be reported (either when you leave the U.S. or upon return) on U.S. Customs Form 4790.

back to "Travel Tips" home page

PLAN FOR FUTURE BON VOYAGES!

101. Help ensure that your next trip is the best ever by giving your travel agent or tour operator your impressions of this experience. Write them a letter or fill out any post-trip questionnaire they may leave with you. Be sure to tell everything about your trip, both good and bad. (A Wide World of Travel really appreciates this information and uses it to improve its services for your next trip, as well as for the travelers who will come after you.)

And here's the best tip we can give you: Travel with an open mind. When you leave the United States, don't expect to encounter our way of life again until you return home. Enjoy all the new sights, people, and sounds around you. Sample the food, make a stab at the language, ask questions, smile a lot, and you will come home a more knowledgeable person with a lifetime of happy memories.

back to "Travel Tips" home page

HEALTH & FITNESS TIPS

Start an exercise regimen several weeks before your trip. Carrying suitcases, prolonged sitting or standing, sleeping in unfamiliar beds, and other activities that you're not accustomed to can aggravate aches and pains. Build your flexibility and stamina gradually -before you leave. Walking and stretching exercises will help you get ready. You'll probably find it so enjoyable that it will become part of your lifestyle.

0 Try to get as much sleep as possible before you leave.

0 Bring sunglasses that deflect 100% of ultraviolet rays. You also may want to bring eye drops for long flights, bright days, and hot/dry environments.

0 Before you leave, have your feet tested for orthotic inserts in your shoes. Once you have them, you won't believe you ever lived without them! Sports stores also sell insoles for running shoes that can make any shoe more comfortable. Look for a good fit and firm arch support.

ON THE PLANE

Your airline flight is often the most tiring part of your trip, and it can leave you feeling stiff and disoriented. Here are a few suggestions to help you feel much better when you arrive at your destination.

Move around as much as possible. Walk the aisles frequently. Movement minimizes swollen feet and ankles. Also, while you're sitting, get your feet up on a small travel bag to keep the edge of the seat from cutting off the circulation in your legs.

Put a cushion behind the small of your back. Use the airline cushion, or even better, bring your own roll-shaped cushion.

Avoid falling asleep with your head cocked to one side, and regularly exercise your neck muscles. Sitting erect, but relaxed, VERY SLOWLY lower your head until it comes as close to resting on your chest as is comfortable. Hold for a count of five, then very slowly and smoothly raise it to the upright position. Repeat twice. Then turn your head VERY SLOWLY to each side, three times in each direction. Now tilt your head slowly to one shoulder, leading with the ear. Hold for a few seconds. Repeat three times each side.

Loosen your shoulder muscles. Shrug and hold the shrug for a count of five, then slowly and smoothly move your shoulders back and down, as if trying to make your shoulder blades touch. Slowly and smoothly relax from the shrug, allowing shoulders to roll forward. Repeat twice.

Relieve facial tension. This can help you avoid headaches, but you may want to do this one in the lavatory or while the plane is dark! Open your mouth as wide as you can, letting your tongue hang out. At the same time open your eyes as wide as possible. Relax and repeat twice.

Stimulate your abdominal and buttock muscles. Sitting tall, contract abdominals and count to four slowly; then release slowly in four counts. Your lower back will tend to flatten or slightly round into the chair back. Repeat five times. Now contract buttocks slowly in four counts, then release in four counts. Repeat five times.

Exercise your feet. Sit with your feet flat on the floor, then lift your heels 10 times, keeping your toes on the floor. Now reverse, lifting your toes 10 times, while keeping your heels on the floor.

Move your foot around in a circular motion from the ankle, 5 times in each direction. Repeat with the other foot. You can also try moving your legs up and down, as if you were walking, with the toes pointed. Take 10 “steps."

Frequently flex your hands. Hands that aren’t busy with the usual activities of home need to be kept flexible. Hold your arms out in front of you and spread the fingers as wide as you can for a count of 5, then relax. Then make a fist and hold tightly for a count of 5, then relax. Repeat both steps. Now, rotate your wrists 5-10 times clockwise and counterclockwise. Give your hands a gentle shake.

Drink plenty of fluids. At least four ounces of water per hour of flight is recommended. And avoid alcohol, which will accelerate dehydration. Also, to counter the effect of the dry airplane air, use a moisturizer on your face and hands. Or spray your face often with water from an atomizer bottle.

If you suffer from earaches while flying, try this: A half-hour to 45 minutes before takeoff, take an antihistamine or decongestant. just before takeoff, "pop" your ears by holding your nose shut, closing your mouth, and attempting to blow air through your nostrils. This helps to clear the eustachian tube, which often becomes swollen and blocked when cabin pressure changes. While in flight you should swallow frequently, chew gum or candy, and "pop" your ears frequently when the pressure builds. It's especially important to take these precautions if you feel a cold coming on-if the tubes are blocked, fluids can become trapped, causing painful ear infections.

If you suffer from jet lag, you might try the "Feast-Fast jet Lag Diet" developed at a U.S. Department of Energy lab. For details send a self-addressed, stamped envelope to the Antijet Lag Diet, Office of Public Affairs, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Ave., Argonne, IL 60439 (tel) 630-252-5575; or consult your local bookstore for Overcoming jet Lag.

STAYING FIT AT YOUR DESTINATION OR

ON YOUR CRUISE SHIP

Maintain your normal exercise regimen as much as possible. If you already work out when you're home, try to keep it up while you travel, even if it's modified for convenience. Most cruise ships have fitness facilities. Always warm up with rhythmic limbering exercises before beginning an intense work-out; then cool down after intense exercise to lower your heart rate gradually. Also, stretch after you exercise to prevent muscles from tightening and becoming painful the next day. Of course, it's also important to wear proper shoes for exercising.

If you're in good shape, take advantage of sightseeing opportunities to burn calories. Climbing to the top of a cathedral or hill can be marvelous exercise. Remember to lean forward when heading uphill, and don't speed up on the way- down, which is harder on the joints. On cruise ships, you can walk on the promenade deck to get some exercise. Swing your arms to burn more calories and improve your stride.

Use the availability of exercise facilities on your cruise ship to get started on a fitness program. If you've been putting off beginning a regular exercise program, your trip may give you an -ideal opportunity to start one that you can continue when you get home. The fitness director on your cruise ship can help you design a personal routine. And what could be more convenient while you're cruising from one place to another? However, avoid aerobics on cruise ships; the ship's movement can cause injury. And before you leave, be sure to consult your personal physician for any exercise instructions that may apply to you specifically.

Climb the stairs instead of using the elevator.

Avoid prolonged sitting or standing. If you're waiting in line for any length of time, have someone save your place and walk purposely to a nearby spot and back.

Do simple exercises in your room or cabin, such as those described earlier for the plane. Here are a few others:

After a day of standing and walking, here's a way to relieve sore calves and prevent shin splints. Sit on a bed or the floor with legs straight out in front of you and toes pointing up. Hold the ends of a bath towel in your hands and loop around the ball of one foot. Pull towards you gently and hold for 10 seconds. Repeat five times for each foot.

Tense shoulder muscles can make you feel more tired than you are. To relax and condition them, stand with your arms straight out in front of you with your palms down. Bend the elbows as you move your arms back, as though trying to make your shoulder blades touch. Straighten arms and repeat 5 times.

EATING HEALTHY ON YOUR TRIP

Don't skip meals. Sightseeing takes energy! You can still economize by buying, say, bread, cheese, and fruit and enjoying a picnic in a park instead of going to a restaurant; it's a great way to get a flavor of local life.

Don't overdo it at mealtimes! You'll be offered a seemingly endless array of courses at meal times, and you can order as many as you wish. Still, there's hope for the health conscious. Most cruise lines offer low-cal, low-cholesterol, and low-salt choices on their menus, and many of the meal plans are approved by organizations like the American Heart Association.

Don't be afraid to ask how something is prepared. It's one thing to be adventurous when trying new delicacies in a foreign land - in fact, we encourage you to give them a try! But temper that with a little caution to avoid overdoing very rich foods. If language is a problem, ask your program director to teach you a few key phrases, such as "no salt" or "no butter" and how to identify "broiled" and "steamed" items on a menu.

Be aware of what you eat. Steer clear of salads and foods that have been left out in the sun. Also, avoid dairy products where refrigeration is suspect. A little caution can help prevent diarrhea and other internal distresses common to travelers.

Eat fruits and vegetables whenever possible. This can help you avoid constipation. You may also want to try carrying fiber supplements.

Drink plenty of fluids, especially in the tropics or during a day of vigorous walking or exercise. Mild dehydration, resulting from excessive perspiration, can cause fatigue. The best fluids are fruit juices, bottled water, and soft drinks. Bring two small water bottles with you everywhere! (And while sightseeing, never pass up a chance to use the bathroom-even if you think you don't need to at the time.)

In certain countries you must never drink tap water or any drink with ice in it. This means taking precautions not to swallow any water during your shower, and using purified water even for brushing your teeth. Most U.S. drugstores sell water purification tablets. When dining out, always order mineral water, and be sure you see the waiter open the bottle in front of you. (Your Wide World of Travel agent will give you reliable advice.)

back to "Travel Tips" home page

HELPFUL TERMINOLOGY

Travel Agent: A retailer who sells independent travel or travel packages created by tour operators or wholesalers. Generally, you do not pay for a travel agent's services, which are covered by commissions from hotels, airlines, and wholesalers on packaged tours.

Tour operator or wholesaler: Typically, the creator of the travel packages sold through travel agents or other organizers. (A Wide World of Travel is a tour operator that makes its vacations available directly to the traveler - without using middlemen.)

F.I.T.: Foreign Independent Travel. An individual trip arranged specifically for you by a travel agent. Generally the most expensive way to travel.

Escorted tour: A tour which is accompanied throughout by the same tour director or tour escort, who stays in the same hotels as the tour members and is available to them throughout the tour for advice and, planning.

Hosted tour: A tour that uses the services of different local agents or hosts in each major destination for a limited time period per day, to assist tour members with optional sightseeing and independent plans.

Tour director vs. local guide/agent: A tour director is generally employed by your travel company and will have no other passengers to attend to other than those traveling with your company. (A Wide World of Travel uses tour operators that are in this category.) A local guide or agent may be subcontracted by your company or one of its agents. He or she may have other clients to attend to sometimes from other countries. If your groups are mixed for excursions or social activities, events may be conducted in several languages.

All-inclusive: A tour that includes transportation, hotels, most meals, a full-time tour director, sightseeing, transfers, most gratuities-almost all of the costs of your travel except personal expenses (laundry, extra beverages, personal tips).

Meal plans: European Plan (EP) and Bed and Breakfast (B&B) usually include continental breakfast. American Plan includes three meals a day; Modified American Plan (MAP) includes two meals a day. Table d'hote: a fixed-price menu with limited choice. Outside the United States, coffee or tea is rarely included with meals other than breakfast and must be paid for separately. Check the tour conditions in your brochures to see if they are included.

Continental breakfast: Coffee, plus rolls and or bread with jam. No juice. American breakfast, English breakfast, Dutch breakfast, etc., are generally full breakfasts with eggs, juice, meats, cheese, and so on, according to the customs of the country.

Taxes, service charges, and gratuities: Outside the United States, most hotels and restaurants, by government order, must charge 10% to 15% taxes on board and lodging. Most then also add a 10% to 15% service charge for tips to staff. When service is included, waiters and other service personnel also expect an additional tip of approximately 3 % (use our "Tipping Guide" on page 31).

Hotel categories: Deluxe, first-class (superior or standard), moderate, and tourist class are generally the designations used, but the standards vary greatly from country to country. (You can consult government tourist offices for official classifications, but keep in mind the variations.) A hotel listed as "deluxe" by one tour operator may receive only a "first class" listing by another. It's wise to depend on the reputation of the tour operator for clarity. (A Wide World of Travel uses the Official Hotel and Resort Guide classification.)

Airfares: Promotional airfares, generally the lowest fares available at any particular time, go under many acronyms such as APEX (Advance Purchase Excursion Fare) or promotional names such as Visit Italy Fare or Senior Citizen Fare. Depend on your -tour operator to obtain the lowest promotional fare for you at the time of your departure. He has specialists on staff who keep abreast of the almost daily changes in airfare regulations.

Direct flight: A direct flight is one that requires no change of plane prior to reaching your destination. Though your flight may stop to pick up passengers in another city, no connecting flight will be required. Nonstop flight: A nonstop flight flies directly to your destination with no stops in between.

back to "Travel Tips" home page

FREE OR LOW-COST TRAVEL INFO

Know Before You Go. A booklet on customs regulations is available free from the U.S. Customs Service, Box 7407, Washington, DC 20044, (tel) 202-927-6724. www.customs.gov

Travelers' Tips on Bringing Food, Plant, and Animal Products into the United States.

From the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, DC 20250, (tel) 202-720-2791. www.usda.gov .

Health Information for International Travel. For price information and orders, contact the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402, (tel) 202-512-1800, or call the International Traveler's Hotline of the Center for Disease Control and Prevention, (tel) 404-332-4559. www.cdc.gov

Travel Advisories. State Department's Citizen's Emergency Center, (tel) 202-647-5225. The State Department, through its Bureau of Consular Affairs, publishes its respected travel warnings on the Web. Contact them at their web site at www.travel.state.gov . The bureau also issues public announcements to warn of short-term threats and "consular information sheets" that summarize travel data on a country-by-country basis. The information sheets not only cover hazards; they also outline mundane topics like visas, customs, locations of embassies and such.

Background Notes. These brief pamphlets offer facts on the culture, geography, people, history, government, economy, and political conditions of more than 170 different countries. For price information and orders, contact the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402, (tel) 202-512-1800.

NOTE: All of the information provided here can be reproduced without permission. The information was correct at the time of printing and some of the contents may have changed since then...so if there are telephone numbers that have changed, rules and conditions that have changed, etc. we certainly do apologize. We will make every attempt to keep this updated. More Tips will be added over time. Thank You.